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Within the Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted-Martin Lowry (proton (physics)) theory of acid-base reaction theories, a conjugate acid is the acid member, HX, of a pair of two compounds that transform into each other by gain or loss of a proton. A conjugate acid can also be seen as the chemical substance that releases a proton in the backward chemical reaction. Thus, the term acid. The base produced, X−, is called the conjugate base and it absorbs a proton in the backward chemical reaction. In aqueous solution, the chemical reaction involved is of the form

HX + H2O \rightleftarrows X− + H3O+

This principle is discussed in detail in the article on acid-base reaction theories#The protonic (Brønsted-Lowry) definition.

The conjugate base of a weak acid is a strong base, and the conjugate base of a strong acid is a weak base, and vice versa.

Tabulated below are several examples of conjugate acid-base pairs. Acid strength decreases and base strength increases down the table. (The dissociation reaction reaches equilibrium further to the right, with more X− produced.)

{| cellpadding="4"|-! Acid! Base|-| HCl Hydrochloric acid ion|-| H2SO4 [Sulfuric acid ion|-| HNO3 [Nitric acid ion|-| H3O+ [Hydronium ion]|-| HSO4− Hydrogen sulfate ion] ion|-| H3PO4 Phosphoric acid ion|-| HC2H3O2 [Acetic acid ion|-| H2CO3 [Carbonic acid ion|-| H2S [Hydrosulfuric acid ion|-| H2PO4− [Dihydrogen phosphate ion] ion|-| NH4+ Ammonium ion]|-| HCO3− Hydrogencarbonate (bicarbonate) ion] ion|-| HPO42− Hydrogen phosphate ion] ion|-| H2O Water (neutral, pH 7)] ion|-| HFSbF5 [Fluoroantimonic acid ion|}

See also

Within the Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted-Martin Lowry (proton (physics)) theory of acid-base reaction theories, a conjugate acid is the acid member, HX, of a pair of two compounds that transform into each other by gain or loss of a proton. A conjugate acid can also be seen as the chemical substance that releases a proton in the backward chemical reaction. Thus, the term acid. The base produced, X−, is called the conjugate base and it absorbs a proton in the backward chemical reaction. In aqueous solution, the chemical reaction involved is of the form

HX + H2O \rightleftarrows X− + H3O+

This principle is discussed in detail in the article on acid-base reaction theories#The protonic (Brønsted-Lowry) definition.

The conjugate base of a weak acid is a strong base, and the conjugate base of a strong acid is a weak base, and vice versa.

Tabulated below are several examples of conjugate acid-base pairs. Acid strength decreases and base strength increases down the table. (The dissociation reaction reaches equilibrium further to the right, with more X− produced.)

{| cellpadding="4"|-! Acid! Base|-| HCl Hydrochloric acid ion|-| H2SO4 [Sulfuric acid ion|-| HNO3 [Nitric acid ion|-| H3O+ [Hydronium ion]|-| HSO4− Hydrogen sulfate ion] ion|-| H3PO4 Phosphoric acid ion|-| HC2H3O2 [Acetic acid ion|-| H2CO3 [Carbonic acid ion|-| H2S [Hydrosulfuric acid ion|-| H2PO4− [Dihydrogen phosphate ion] ion|-| NH4+ Ammonium ion]|-| HCO3− Hydrogencarbonate (bicarbonate) ion] ion|-| HPO42− Hydrogen phosphate ion] ion|-| H2O Water (neutral, pH 7)] ion|-| HFSbF5 [Fluoroantimonic acid ion|}

See also



Conjugate acid - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Within the Brønsted-Lowry (protonic) theory of acids and bases, a conjugate acid is the acid member, HX, of a pair of two compounds that transform into each other by gain or loss ...

Brønsted-Lowry acid-base theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In chemistry, the Brønsted-Lowry acid-base theory or Brønsted-Lowry concept is an acid-base theory describing the reaction mechanism between acids and bases, and was ...

Conjugate base - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Conjugate base
base. In chemistry, a substance that accepts hydrogen ions, or protons. A base reacts with an acid, neutralizing it to form a salt: acid + base → salt + water.

conjugate - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about conjugate
conjugate. In mathematics, a term indicating that two elements are connected in some ... Conjugate base Conjugate base Conjugate base Conjugate base Conjugate base Conjugate base

Definition: conjugate from Online Medical Dictionary
Previous: conjugant, conjugase, conjugata, conjugata diagonalis, conjugata vera Next: conjugate acid, conjugate acid-base pair, conjugate axis, conjugated

Definition: conjugate acid-base pair from Online Medical Dictionary
The Online Medical Dictionary is a searchable dictionary of definitions from medicine, science and technology.

Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs
Chemical Concept Demonstrated: Strengths of acids and their conjugate bases. Demonstration and Explanations: 1. Compare HCl, HOAc, NaCl, and NaOAc: HCl is a stronger acid than HOAc ...

ACID_BASE INDICATORS
At equilibrium, the following equilibrium equation is established with its conjugate base: The acid and its conjugate base have different colours.

Conjugate base - definition of Conjugate base in the Medical ...
1. the lowest part or foundation of anything; see also basis. 2. the main ingredient of a compound.

Conjugate base financial definition of Conjugate base. Conjugate base ...
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